Meaning of the term performance

The meaning of the term performance is similar to that of the term productivity as, for example, the effective and efficient use of resources to achieve outcomes. However, performance is broader than some narrow meanings of productivity (efficiency, for example). Many private sector applications emphasize only efficiency, but a distinguishing feature of public performance is that it is guided and assessed by multiple, equally important standards of effectiveness, efficiency, and equity.

In recent years, there has been a renewed emphasis on measuring public program performance. Public programs are open to criticism when those in charge cannot show what has resulted from the expenditure of public resources. Measurement helps increase accountability and, thereby, trusts between public organizations and citizens. It is a key component of organizational performance. Thus, the articles in this reader reflect enduring concerns of performance measurement and management.